Sexually transmitted infections refers to the mode of transmission of infection and the the reproductive tract infection refers to the site where the infection occurs. All Reproductive tract infections cannot be sexually transmitted infections.
The STI are spread through sexual contact with infected partners and the common examples include:
- Gonorrhoea
- Chylamydia
- Syphilis
- Trichomoniasis
- Chancroid
- Genital herpes
- Genital warts caused by HPV
Risk factors
- Age less than 25 years
- Young age at first sex
- Non barrier contraception method
- New, multiple or symptomatic sexual partners.
Incidence
The incidence of STD’s is increasing by 10% every year where safe sex practices are being ignored. 448 million new cases of curable STD’s occur annually through out the world in persons aged 15 to 49 years.
Women at more risk
Women are physiologically more vulnerable than men. If they are asymptomatic they might not seek proper medical care and later it may lead to serious complications. Use of traditional vaginal medications and douching may also increase the risk for acquiring the STD’s in women. With the exception of HIV all STD’s have more threatening consequences in women than in men. In women it usually leads to infertility, ectopic pregnancy and cervical cancer.
Clinical Presentation
Patient with a STI usually presents with one of theses symptoms:
- Vaginal or urethral discharge.
- Genital lesions
- Genital warts
- HIV
- Infertility
History and Physical Examination
During the history and physical examination it is important to ask about the timing of last intercourse, contraceptive method used, number of sexual partners, duration of relationship, past STD”S, menstrual and medical history as well as any antimicrobial treatment taken by the patient. Continue reading »
